Betamethasone (Eye/Ear) Pharmacology 

Betamethasone (Eye/Ear)
Betamethasone (Eye/Ear)
Potent glucocorticoid, Anti-inflammatory.
Potent glucocorticoid, Anti-inflammatory.
The drug exerts its pharmacological action by penetrating and binding to cytoplasmic receptor protein and causes a structural change in steroid receptor complex. This structural change allows its migration in to the nucleus and then binding to specific sites on the DNA which leads to transcription of specific m-RNA and which ultimately regulates protein synthesis. It exerts highly selective glucocorticoid action. It stimulates the enzymes needed to decrease the inflammatory response.
The drug exerts anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant actions as follows: – 1) Induce lipocortins in macrophages, endothelium, and fibroblasts which inhibits phospholipase A2 and thus decreases the production of Prostaglandins, leukotriens (LT), and platelet activating factor, 2) Causes negative regulation of genes for cytokines in macrophages, endothelial cells and lymphocytes and thus decreases the production of interleukins (IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6), TNF-alpha, GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor), Gama interferon and suppresses fibroblast proliferation and T-lymphocyte functions and interferes chemotaxis. 3) Decreases the production of acute phase reactants from macrophages and endothelial cells and interferes complement function. 4) Decreases the production of ELAM-1(Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM- 1(intracellular adhesion molecule-1) in endothelial cells. 5) Inhibit IgE mediated histamine and LT-C4 release from basophiles and the effects of antigen-antibody reaction is not mediated 6) Reduces the production of
collagenase and stromolysin and thus prevents tissue destruction.
The drug exerts its pharmacological action by penetrating and binding to cytoplasmic receptor protein and causes a structural change in steroid receptor complex. This structural change allows its migration in to the nucleus and then binding to specific sites on the DNA which leads to transcription of specific m-RNA and which ultimately regulates protein synthesis. It exerts highly selective glucocorticoid action. It stimulates the enzymes needed to decrease the inflammatory response.
The drug exerts anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant actions as follows: – 1) Induce lipocortins in macrophages, endothelium, and fibroblasts which inhibits phospholipase A2 and thus decreases the production of Prostaglandins, leukotriens (LT), and platelet activating factor, 2) Causes negative regulation of genes for cytokines in macrophages, endothelial cells and lymphocytes and thus decreases the production of interleukins (IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6), TNF-alpha, GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor), Gama interferon and suppresses fibroblast proliferation and T-lymphocyte functions and interferes chemotaxis. 3) Decreases the production of acute phase reactants from macrophages and endothelial cells and interferes complement function. 4) Decreases the production of ELAM-1(Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM- 1(intracellular adhesion molecule-1) in endothelial cells. 5) Inhibit IgE mediated histamine and LT-C4 release from basophiles and the effects of antigen-antibody reaction is not mediated 6) Reduces the production of
collagenase and stromolysin and thus prevents tissue destruction.
Absorption:It is administered as eye drop
Absorption:It is administered as eye drop
Absorption:It is administered as eye drop
Absorption:It is administered as eye drop
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1.Itching 2.Blurred vision
3.Burning sensation 4.Eye irritation 5.Allergic dermatitis
Increased pressure within the eye
Stinging
1.Itching 2.Blurred vision
3.Burning sensation 4.Eye irritation 5.Allergic dermatitis
Increased pressure within the eye
Stinging
1.Eye conditions producing pus 2.Fungal infections of the eye 3.Glaucoma
Herpetic keratitis
Tuberculosis infection affecting the eye 6.Viral infections of the eye
1.Eye conditions producing pus 2.Fungal infections of the eye 3.Glaucoma
Herpetic keratitis
Tuberculosis infection affecting the eye 6.Viral infections of the eye
Prolonged use
Prolonged use
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Use with caution
Use with caution
1.Inflammation of the eye
1.Inflammation of the eye
N/A
N/A
Adult:Apply the eye drop every 1-2 hours until controlled and then reduce the frequency 2 – 4 times daily.
Adult:Apply the eye drop every 1-2 hours until controlled and then reduce the frequency 2 – 4 times daily.
N/A
N/A
Store in a cool, dry place. Protect from direct light and heat. Discard this preparation one month after opening.
Keep out of reach of children
Store in a cool, dry place. Protect from direct light and heat. Discard this preparation one month after opening.
Keep out of reach of children
Apply the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue
the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Apply the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue
the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.