| Bacampicillin Pharmacology |
| Bacampicillin |
| About Bacampicillin |
| Broad spectrum Penicillin antibiotic, prodrug of ampicillin. |
| Mechanism of Action of Bacampicillin |
| Bacampicillin is one of the members of beta lactum antibiotics and it is the pro drug of penicillin. It binds to the penicillin binding protein in the cell wall of bacteria and inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase which is responsible for the transpeptidation reaction in peptidoglycan synthesis. It also activates the endogenous enzyme which degrades the peptidoglycan.These results in inhibition of protein synthesis and there by cell wall synthesis.
Ampicillin is active against both gram positive and gram negative organism. Certain generalizations are useful for penicillins. After administration penicillins are widely distributed throughout body and therapeutic concentration is achieved in tissues and secretions such as pericardial fluid, pleural fluid, bile and joint fluid. Low concentration of these drugs are found in brain tissue, prostatic secretions and intraocular fluid. Penicillins are excreted fast by the kidney, hence have short plasma half life. Blood levels of all Penicillins can be raised by administration of Probenecid. Do not treat severe pneumonia, bacteraemia, meningitis, empyema, pericarditis or septic arthritis with an oral penicillin during the acute stage. In case of history of allergy to Penicillin, they are contraindicated for use. |
| Pharmacokinets of Bacampicillin |
| Absorption .It is readily absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is very widely distributed in the body
.Metabolism: It is metabolized in to active compound penicillin. Excretion: It is excreted mainly through bile and small amount excreted through urine and breast milk. |
| Onset of Action for Bacampicillin |
| 30 minutes |
| Duration of Action for Bacampicillin |
| 6-8 hours. |
| Half Life of Bacampicillin |
| 90 minutes |
| Side Effects of Bacampicillin |
| 1.Nausea 2.Vomiting 3.Diarrhoea 4.Anaphylaxis 5.Rash 6.Urticaria
7.Thrombocytopenia 8.Nephritis
|
| Contra-indications of Bacampicillin |
| 1.Hypersensitive to penicillins |
| Special Precautions while taking Bacampicillin |
| 1.Renal impairment 2.Mononucleosis 3.Lymphatic leukaemia
4.HIV Infections |
| Pregnancy Related Information |
| Use with caution. |
| Old Age Related Information |
| Use with caution. |
| Breast Feeding Related Information |
| Use with caution. |
| Children Related Information |
| Use with caution. |
| Indications for Bacampicillin |
| 1Urinary tract infections 2.Gonorrhoea
3 Meningitis 4.SABE 5.Respiratory tract infections 6.Septicemia 7.Soft tissue infections 8.Otitis media 9.Sinusitis
|
| Interactions for Bacampicillin |
| Oral contraceptives: Efficacy reduced, may cause breakthrough bleeding. Food: Absorption of bacampicillin reduced.
Probenecid: Reduces urinary excretion which may be of benefit when high concentration required in the blood. |
| Typical Dosage for Bacampicillin |
| ADULT:
400 – 800 mg daily in two divided dose depending on the severity of infection CHILDREN 25 – 50 mg /kg/day in two divided dose depending on the severity of infection |
| Schedule of Bacampicillin |
| H |
| Storage Requirements for Bacampicillin |
| It should store at temperature below 25 degree Celsius. Keep away from moisture and heat. |
| Effects of Missed Dosage of Bacampicillin |
| Take the dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to the next dose then skip the missed dose. |
| Effects of Overdose of Bacampicillin |
| Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. If the patient is conscious induce emesis or gastric lavage
followed by charcoal administration. Haemodialysis can be done if needed. |